1. Barbara Donovan and Ronald Asmus, "Erich Honecker: The Man and His Era," RFER, RAD Background Report/195 (19 October 1989).
2. On 29 September Hungarian foreign minister Gyula Horn said that the treaty with the GDR on returning refugees would be suspended as long as there were East Germans in Hungary who did not want to go back.
3. Serge Schmemann, "Security Forces Storm Protesters in East Germany," The New York Times, 9 October 1989, pp. A1,6.
4. Serge Schmemann, "East Germany Removes Honecker," The New York Times, 19 October 1989, pp. A1,8.
5. Henry Kamm, "300,000 Reported To March," The New York Times, 24 October 1989, p. A14; Serge Schmemann, "A Top East German Meets Two Leaders of the Opposition," The New York Times, 27 October 1989, pp. A1,11.
6. For the role of the Council of Ministers, see Chapter 3, The Constitution of the Germnan Democratic Republic (Merlin:Intertext),pp.113-114
7. Serge Schmemann, "East Germany's Cabinet Resigns," The New York Times, 9 November 1989, pp. A1,12.
8. Barbara Donovan, "The Berlin Wall Comes Tumbling Down," RFER, RAD Background Report/205 (20 November 1989).
9. Craig R. Whitney, "Premier Is Chosen," The New York Times, 14 November 1989, pp. A1,11.
10. Die Welt, 20 December 1990, p. 6. FBIS-WEU-91-013 (18 January 1991), pp. 20-21.
11. Die Welt, 20 January 1990, p. 7. JPRS-EER-90-038 (26 March 1990), p. 23.
12. Vienna Die Presse, 24 November 1989, p.4. FBIS-EEU-89-231 (4 December 1989), p. 45.
13. London Observer, 10 December 1989, p. 1.
14. Eppelmann interview, Hamburg Die Welt, 10 July 1990. FBIS-EEU-90-133 (11 July 1990), p. 24.
15. Eppelmann interview, Hamburg Die Welt, 10 July 1990. FBIS-EEU-90-133 (11 July 1990), p. 24.
16. Hamburg DPA, 17 July 1990.
17. R. Jeffrey Smith, "Soviet Union Raises Readiness of Forces in East Germany," Washington Post, 8 December 1989, p. 21.
18. Komsomolskaya, 7 January 1990, p. 1. FBIS-SOV-90-006 (9 January 1990), p. 41.
19. Theodor Hoffmann interview, National-Zeitung, 22 November 1989, p. 3. FBIS-EEU-89-230 (1 December 1989), p. 66. On 25 January 1990 Heinz Kessler was arrested for abusing his official powers and using his office to commit criminal acts.
20. Craig R. Whitney, "East German Assembly Accepts Cabinet," The New York Times, 19 November 1989, p. 1.
21. Serge Schmemann, "East German Out As Chief of State," The New York Times, 7 December 1989, pp. A1,20.
22. Craig R. Whitney, "Berlin Communists Outline Platform," The New York Times, 18 December 1989, pp. A1,14.
23. Ferdinand Protzman, "Kohl Offers An Outline to Create Confederation," The New York Times, 29 November 1989, p. A1.
24. Francis X. Clines, "Kohl's German Unity Plan Is 'Dangerous,' Soviets Say," The New York Times, 6 December 1989, p. 19.
25. Serge Schmemann, "Communists and Foes Agree To a Free East German Vote," The New York Times, 8 December 1989, pp. A1,16.
26. "East German Party Expels 14 Leaders," The Washington Post, 22 January 1990, p. 15.
27. "East German Party Expels 14 Leaders," The Washington Post, 22 January 1990, p. 15.
28. East Berlin ADN, 23 March 1990. FBIS-EEU-90-057 (23 March 1990), p. 29.
29. Report On Eastern Europe, 13 April 1990, p. 32.
30. The Constitution of the German Democratic Republic, op. cit., p. 110; Marc Fisher, "E. German Coalition Is Sought," The Washington Post, 20 March 1990, pp, A1,24.
31. East Berlin Neue Zeit, 12 April 1990, p. 1. FBIS-EEU-90-075 (18 April 1990), p. 22.
32. Marc Fisher, "First Free Assembly Meets In E. Berlin," The Washington Post, 6 April 1990, pp. A1,30.
33. Article 29 (New delimitation of Laender boundaries), Basic Law For the Federal Republic of Germany (Bonn: Press and Information Office of the Federal Government, 1991), pp. 19-21.
34. Fisher, "E. Germany Balking At Unity Pace," The Washington Post, 23 JMarc uly 1990, pp. A13,18.
35. Marc Fisher, "New East German Legislature Asks Forgiveness for Holocaust," The Washington Post, 13 April, 1990, pp. A1,21.
36. Report On Eastern Europe, 15 June 1990, p. 52.
37. Stephen F. Szabo, "Federal Republic of Germany: The Bundeswehr," in Jeffrey Simon (ed.), European Security Policy After the Revolutions of 1989 (Washington, DC: National Defense University Press, 1991), pp. 189-206.
38. Marc Fisher, "Germanies Approve Unity Pact," The Washington Post, 21 September 1990, p. A18.
39. Marc Fisher, "Two Germanies Merge Into One," The Washington Post, 3 October 1990, pp. A1,28.
40. The Social Democrats won 239 seats; the East German Communists, 17; and Alliance '90, 8 seats. Marc Fisher, "Grateful Germans Vote To Keep Kohl," The Washington Post, 3 December 1990, pp. A1,21.
41. The 12 September 1990 Kohl-Gorbachev agreement set the ground rules for the new military posture and the details of the Bundeswehr-NPA merger agreement. The all-German armed forces would be reduced to 370,000 by 31 December 1994, when the Soviet WGF also would have withdrawn from Germany. On 30 June 1991 when Bundeswehr Command East disbanded, the personnel strength of the Bundeswehr in eastern Germany was 56,000 soldiers. Of the original 32,000 NPA officers in September 1990, only 9,500 were still serving in June 1991. Of these, 6,000 were granted two-year probationary contracts. Only 4,000 would ultimately become permanently assigned to the Bundeswehr.
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